The coming of the European powers gave a boost to the economy of Kerala in certain fields and this also helped in the gradual emergence of a new economic order. The Portuguese, the Dutch, and the British have contributed to the economic development of the state. Kerala’s participation in the freedom struggle is also significant. There were a number of social and religious movements in Kerala, the contributions of Chattampi Swamikal and Sri Narayana Guru is important in this context. Improvement of intercaste relations, movement of Christian unity, Indianisation of the Church, Muslim reform movements and Land reforms in the state have made significant improvement in the social and cultural heritage.